2013年8月1日星期四

白色污染的危害

废旧塑料包装物进入环境后,由于其很难降解,造成长期的、深层次的生态环境问题。首先,废旧塑料包装物混在土壤中,影响农作物吸收养分和水分,将导致农作物减产;第二,抛弃在陆地或水体中的废旧塑料包装物,被动物当作食物吞入,导致动物死亡(在动物园、牧区和海洋中,此类情况已屡见不鲜);第三,混入生活垃圾中的废旧塑料包装物很难处理:填埋处理将会长期占用土地,混有塑料的生活垃圾不适用于堆肥处理,分拣出来的废塑料也因无法保证质量而很难回收利用。


具体来讲,可以从以下几条来说:

第一、侵占土地过多。塑料类垃圾在自然界停留的时间也很长,一般可达200——400年,有的可达500年。

第二、污染空气。塑料、纸屑和粉尘随风飞扬。

第三、污染水体。河、海水面上漂着的塑料瓶和饭盒,水面上方树枝上挂着的塑料袋、面包纸等,不仅造成环境污染,而且如果动物误食了白色垃圾会伤及健康,甚至会因其在消化道中无法消化而活活饿死。

第四、火灾隐患。白色垃圾几乎都是可燃物,在天然堆放过程中会产生甲烷等可燃气,遇明火或自燃易引起的火灾事故不断发生,时常造成重大损失。

第五、白色垃圾可能成为有害生物的巢穴,它们能为老鼠、鸟类及蚊蝇提供食物、栖息和繁殖的场所,而其中的残留物也常常是传染疾病的根源。

第六、废旧塑料包装物进入环境后,由于其很难降解,造成长期的、深层次的生态环境问题。首先,废旧塑料包装物混在土壤中,影响农作物吸收养分和水分,将导致农作物减产;其次若牲畜吃了塑料膜,会引起牲畜的消化道疾病,甚至死亡。

第七、由于塑料膜密度小、体积大,它能很快填满场地,降低填埋场地处理垃圾的能力;而且,填埋后的场地由于地基松软,垃圾中的细菌、病毒等有害物质很容易渗入地下,污染地下水,危及周围环境。

2013年7月13日星期六

Climate Change

Notes taken from Nobel Laureate Public Lecture @ ICMAT 2013, with editing done by me. 

Sustainable Development of Human Society

1. The Power of the Sun

Let's admit it: Humans have impacted our ecosystem negatively. However, it was not always the case. We were a part of nature a few hundred years ago; all necessities came from the sun. Our clothing, housing, food, were a gift from the Sun. Then came the rapid advancement in technology that spearheaded the Industrial Revolution. 

2. Great Divergence

During the Industrial Revolution, researchers were discovering new and cheaper sources of energy. All of a sudden, there was an abundance of energy and an improvement in technology. Mankind discovered the potential of fossil fuels as cheap energy sources and burned them to generate energy. Our material wealth grew exponentially, as did our energy usage and the pollution we generated on Earth. Our consumption habits changed drastically due to development and an improvement in our standards of living. 

3. From Unlimited to Limited Earth

A. Exploding production and consumption
As individual consumerism picked up speed, we began to generate more waste and junk. We though the Earth could yield unlimited resources-- we were wrong. The Earth had limited resources, which soon became a problem.

B. Exploding population
Research indicated that our Earth can support 2.5 billion people at a comfortable pace. We reached that number in 1950. Currently, the world's population is at an astounding 7.1 billion as estimated by the US Census Bureau. The combined effects of non-renewable sources depletion, unsustainable growth rate (starvation in many undeveloped countries) as well as world environmental damage is not to be looked down upon. 

C. Exploding human footprint
What happens when we leave this earth to the next generation? The human imprint on Earth is tremendous. Look at the rising concentrations of greenhouse concentrations (the level for CO2 had just past 400ppm), loss in biodiversity, increase in both surface and ocean temperature and rise in sea levels. That is just the tip of the iceberg of what is about to come. In 2010, National Geographic published data that showed that we are using 1.5 times of what earth is able to provide. If the world were to consume at the rate America does, we would need 5.4 Earths. 


Oops. Big Trouble. WE HAVE ONLY ONE EARTH

Why are we wasting the chance to change, to transform things when we still have the chance to?

Yet more and more records are set each year, and I dare say more will be set in the future to come. Everyday, we are facing the crisis of human survival. Mankind's worst fears have shifted from nuclear warfare to human survival in these decades. 

4. A Crisis of Human Survival

A. Rising Temperature and Changing Climate

Global Energy Flows
Picture from: http://www.aps.org/units/fps/newsletters/200904/trenberth.cfm

Met Office _Dec 2012_Decadal Predictions
Picture from: http://www.carbonbrief.org/blog/2013/01/why-the-met-office%E2%80%99s-revised-forecast-still-doesn%E2%80%99t-show-global-warming-has-stopped

It can be seen that the increase in temperature in the last 50 years is very significant. Most of the trapped heat is stored in the oceans which act as heat sinks due to water's high specific heat. 

Special: IPCC Assessment Reports

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) had published Assessment Reports on Cimate Change in 2001 and 2007 (Known as TAR and AR4 respectively), where in one section they organised the many risks and possible effects of climate change into five general areas, or "Reasons for Concern". As seen in the picture below, the threats increase as global temperature increase. 


Picture from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasons_for_concern, source: TAR 2001

The following is data taken from the Fourth Assessment Report done by the IPCC in 2007:

The concentration of atmospheric CO2 has increased from a pre-industrial value (in 1750) of about 280 ppm to 379 ppm in 2005. That is a difference of approximately 100 ppm. In comparison, the atmospheric CO2 concentration increased by only 20 ppm over the 8000 years prior to industrialisation; multi-decadal to centennial-scale variations were less than 10 ppm and likely due mostly to natural processes. The annual CO2 growth rate was larger during the last 10 years (1995–2005 average: 1.9 ppm yr–1) than it has been since continuous direct atmospheric measurements began (1960–2005 average: 1.4 ppm yr–1).

Emissions of CO2 from fossil fuel use and from the effects of land use change on plant and soil carbon are the primary sources of increased atmospheric CO2. Since 1750, it is estimated that about 2/3rds of anthropogenic CO2 emissions have come from fossil fuel burning and about 1/3rd from land use change. About 45% of this CO2 has remained in the atmosphere, while about 30% has been taken up by the oceans and the remainder has been taken up by the terrestrial biosphere.

And to show a graphical trend, here is a Keeling Curve taken from Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The CO2 concentration has officially reached 400 ppm on 9 May, 2013. But what is the significance of the magic number? The International Energy Agency's World Energy Outlook has set a goal for mankind: To limit the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere to around 450 ppm, such that the temperature rise is 2 degrees Celcius from pre-industrial levels. However, Hansel and Sato (2011) disagrees, stating that the goals of limiting CO2 levels to 450 ppm is equivalent to a recipe for disaster. They eventually concluded that it would be necessary to reduce CO2 levels to around 350 ppm to avoid unacceptable climate effects. 


Picture taken from: http://keelingcurve.ucsd.edu/
If we were to accept IEA's prediction and go with 450 ppm, judging by the average annual increase of 2.07 ppm in the concentration of CO2, we will reach the "limit" in 25 years. The same team who published the "Reasons for Concern" diagram in 2001 updated the same diagram to keep in line with increased global temperatures. 

Fig. 1.
Picture from: http://www.pnas.org/content/106/11/4133.full.pdf+html

This is a reality we have to face. Floods are happening more frequently, with the flood in Australia (2011) described as of "biblical proportions ". More than 700 people died in the 2009 flood in Taiwan's Shaolin Village. Ever since early July 2013, Southwest China experienced heavy rainfalls (the heaviest in 50 years) that led to widespread flooding. At least 46 people were killed, 166 people missing and 6 millions lives disrupted by the floods. Regions where flooding were most serious overlapped with disaster areas from the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake, wiping out efforts to restore the region ever since the earthquake. 

It shows that the increase in temperature can be translated into real environmental impacts, and into natural disasters that can affect us. 

B. Disappearing Biodiversity, Fading Ecosystems
We always took the service that nature provided for granted. Before I attended the lecture, I did not know that 30% of our bread comes from fossil fuel (mainly through fertilizers), 1/3 of food we eat is pollinated by wild insects, worth over $200 billion, 25% of marine fish species are supported by coral reefs, which then support the livelihoods of 30 million people. 22% mammals are at risk currently.

5. Pathways to Global Sustainability

A. Global responses to global problems
(What can we do, when not everyone is willing to try?)

We need to understand that the scourges of diseases and environmental problems do not respect national borders. Can global problems be effectively solved by nation-based systems and approaches?

<I will be taking a module on system dynamics this semester, maybe I will be able to find links between that and global approaches to problems. Include more information about Rio+20 summit>

The biggest threat to human security is no longer conflict between nations, but our own sustainability. It is ironic that countries are spending more on defending themselves from each other, when we should be fighting as one for our survival. The real "enemy" here is Nature. 

B. Back to Nature, Back to Sunshine
We should place "stewardship of natural heritage" at the center of all policy. 

"Restore nature by copying the way nature works" ---Allan Savory, environmentalist.

In the past and the present, we neglected to discover the Sun's true potential in giving us what we want because of the easy and cheap energy available. We thought we knew the extent of what the Sun can give us, and hence blinded ourselves. 

"Before maybe the end of this decade, I see wind and solar being cost-competitive without subsidy with new fossil fuels" ---Steven Chu, US Energy Secretary

According to the Bloomberg Economy Review, the best wind farms in the world already produce power as economically as coal, gas and nuclear farms. By 2016, the technology would be on par with current sources. 

C. Live Better....For Less
How can we better organise the society?

You don't need a car: alternatives include walking, biking, taking public transport to meet all daily needs within 10-20 minutes. You don't need a big house, you rarely buy new things because what you own last forever and when they break you can fix it, what you don't have, others will share with you.

D. Control Population Expansion
In a dramatic and sobering joint statement (1992), the United States National Academy of Sciences and the Royal Society of London, two of the world's leading scientific bodies, addressed the state of the planet in the following words

World population is growing at the unprecedented rate of almost 100 million people every year [three per second], and human activities are producing major changes in the global environment. If current predictions of population growth prove accurate and patterns of human activity on the planet remain unchanged, science and technology may not be able to prevent either irreversible degradation of the environment or continued poverty for much of the world.

The report went on:

In its 1991 report on world population, the United Nations Population Fund (UNPF) states that population growth is even faster than forecast in its report of 1984. Assuming nevertheless that there will in the future be substantial and sustained falls in fertility rates, the global population is expected in the UN’s mid-range projection to rise from 5.4 billion in 1991 to 10 billion in 2050. This rapid rise may be unavoidable; considerably larger rises must be expected if fertility rates do not stabilize at the replacement level of about 2.1 children per woman. At present, about 95 percent of this growth is in the less developed countries (LDCs); the percentage of global population that live in the LDCs is projected to increase from 77 percent to 84 percent in 2020. [25]

Policies to implement if we want to combat population growth:


  • Security for parents
  • Education for girls (If you educate the girl, you educate the family)
  • Employment for women
  • Sustainability for all
6. The International Council for Science

It aims to strengthen international science for the benefit of society.

A. Some big questions that researchers are trying to answer:


  • How and why is the global environment changing?
  • What is the implication on our well-being in the future if this carries on?
  • What are the choices that can be made to reduce harmful risks and enhance our resilience?
  • How can this knowledge support decisions and sustainable development?

B. The Importance of Asia
Asia holds 70% of the world's population. It also has the fastest growing economies and rising environmental impacts. We need to recognise that sacrifices are needed to make changes. Asia has the potential to go a different way, and to show the world that mankind can live sustainably. 

The Western world regards nature as being a separate entity from humans, to be studied, controlled, tamed and used. However, in Eastern culture, we see nature and humans as one, whose relationship is defined by harmony. Asia holds the key to determine whether we live, or we perish at our own hands. 

2013年6月27日星期四

生日快乐


朋友万岁!

我又一个很好的朋友,C。她是我们班上的开心果,有了她,班里好像有说不完的笑话,用不完的快乐。我们的班就是这么吵吵闹闹,不过又让我又一种温馨的感觉,好像一家人。有时是她挖苦别人,有时是别人挖苦她,要不然就是大家一起有说有笑。我很喜欢这种感觉。

不过,这不是她最吸引我注意的一点。我留意到她有自己独特的想法。她说可能是因为自己没有太早开始说话,所以别人都没有纠正她,也可能是她生长在一个极为热闹的家庭,所以有时也会被忽略。我很羡慕她能够在这个世界中,还能保存着属于自己的小天地。我小时候并没有这么觉得,不过当我渐渐长大,我开始发觉自己,好像不会去质疑,不会去走一些别人没有走过的路。为什么呢?这可能跟新加坡的教育制度有关。从小,我们就被灌输一个成绩至上的观念,而什么才可以让我们拿到好成绩呢?

她的想法就像一棵生长在一片冰上的小花朵。我好想保护那朵花,不让它受到冷漠世界的摧残。

我在她身边很舒服,很自在。现实世界套了太多的枷锁在我身上,而我有时会想要把这些期望通通丢掉,不过我很清楚,这是不可能的。就连我自己都寄予自己厚望,我又怎么能奢望别人不把他们的希望放在我身上呢?不过在C的身边,我知道她不会要求我什么,我知道就算我考砸了,她也不会说类似“什么?你考砸了?这不可能的呀!你的成绩不是一向来都很好吗?“的话,因为她明白这么说只会让我更加不愉快。

在她身旁,没有分数的比较,没有压力。我可以轻轻松松做回我真正的自己,不用因为要敷衍他人或是实现他人对我的期望而伪装。我觉得除了家人以外,她可能是第一个真正知道我的真正想法的人。如果要我用一个比喻,我会说她是一个避风港,让我从这忙碌的世界歇一口气。

今天是她的生日。生日快乐,我的好朋友。

2013年6月9日星期日

走路,再走更远的路

今天好累。我们早上走了城市一圈,导游是拥有历史的博士学位的当地人,跟我们讲解了当地的建筑风格,哪些屋子住过哪些名人,谁又和这个城市有莫大的关联。

我的朋友都知道我对英国历史挺着迷的。英国的乔治二世就是赞助这间大学的成立。没有他,现在就不会有这里。然后,英国的历代国王,直到维多利亚,都是这间大学的合法持有人。大学里面有一个大厅,里面的一座墙上全都是当时的国王的画像。然后,我们还参观了大学的监狱。我知道你们一定很好奇,大学为什么需要监狱?导游说,当时的大学有他们自己的法律,如果学生不遵守,就得进去住几天。到后来,进去住一天变成了学生中的一个传统,好像你没有进去住过,就没有来过这里上学。为了解闷,学生在监狱的墙壁上刻了不少图案。看完之后,我只能说一句:学生们的笔迹很整齐,好像电脑印的一样。我们过后看到一个很有趣的建筑物。它偏向一边,因为支撑整间屋子的栋梁经不住时间的摧残,所以沉下去了。挺可爱的。

过后我们就去吃午餐了。吃的是德国猪脚,脆脆的那种。吃第一口,一定知道那是猪脚。然后我们还吃了德国香肠还有德国猪排还有很多好吃的。有一个马铃薯做的饭团,很像糯米,不过又没有味道。我的学长学姐们全部点了啤酒(没有酒精的那种)。

吃完午餐,我们用走的,去了埋葬诺贝尔得奖主的墓碑。整个墓园的风景很美,美到有一种凄凉的感觉。然后因为是墓园,整个地方就变的很静,好像只有我们吵吵闹闹。重点在我们回去时巴士里的情景。几乎除了老师之外,每个人都因为太累了而睡着了。

我们以为这已经是累到透顶了,谁知到我们过后步行了8.5公里,走到一座城堡去吃晚餐。一路上的风景很美,然后城堡上了风景也很美。不过我下次去,不要走路了。坐车比较舒服。

2013年6月7日星期五

然后呢?

今天是来到德国的第四天,发现往往自己之前所看到的,只是一面。最明显的就是德国人喜欢在室外抽烟,所以当我们在市中心走的时候,应该也吸了不少烟。再来就是食物。德国的食物好吃归好吃,但是几天下来,你会觉得他们的口味偏咸了一点。

在这里,我发现语言不通是一个很大的障碍。因为我们不会说德语,所以我们可能无法去最好玩的地方,吃最好吃的食物。还有,我们在上课时,明显的比学长们少很多知识,所以吸收的就可能没有他们多。可能就是因为这个,让这个旅行有了一点点的遗憾。不过就是因为有遗憾,我们才学会珍惜。我很珍惜这次的学习机会,我发现我得到的,远远不止新的知识这么简单。

要如何说起呢?

1) 我们的物理老师是一个有丰富经验的老师。虽然他说的英文不流利,但是他很尽力的去表达他自己。他从来不会因为自己说的英文不好,而选择少说几句。他把他所有知道的全部都给了我们,好不保留。我真的感觉得到他对物理的热爱,还有对这个地方的自豪(因为这里曾经居住着需多伟大的科学家/数学家)。他很可爱,有一个口头禅“Fine”,有时他词穷了,就会用声音,表情来弥补不足。这个老师是我一生中看到的,对教学最有热忱的一个。

2)我们过后找到了一间小小的店,主要是卖邮票,明信片等的东西。店主很有心的一一解释邮票上的图案的历史或故事,我们听的津津有味。其实,她没有必要要解释给我们听的,不过我自己觉得他们开这家店的主要原因不是为了赚钱,而是分享他们对集邮的兴趣。店的里面非常古老,好像哈利波特电影里的建筑风格。

3)我们的学长真的很幽默。我在他们身边无时无刻都笑到肚子好痛。不过,我也看的出,他们的感情原本就这么好。六年的友情可不是盖的。我从他们的身上学会放下,不要那么执著,因为有时候轻松一点,欢乐一点,也挺不错的。

4)这里的公共交通真嘚很准时。如果巴士站的告示牌说巴士会在七点正到,它最早六点五十九分,最迟七点零一分到达。这么以来,人们都可以剩下等车的宝贵时间,也不用怕因为巴士不来的关系而迟到。我很佩服这一点。他们可以选择让自己的工作容易点,不过他们却提供了这么好的一个服务给人民,令我赞赏。

今天就说到这里。累死我了。

2013年6月4日星期二

Day 1: First Impressions

坐了十二小时的飞机和三个小时的巴士之后,我来到了德国。一下飞机,我的脸颊立刻被寒风狠狠的刮了一下。那里刚好十度摄氏,跟新加坡的三十几度差的太远了。明明照在新加坡和德国的太阳都一样,也是差不多这么晒,在新加坡就会觉得受不了,在这里反而觉得很温暖。


关于德国,我所注意到的第二点就是它的道路。呃,其实我觉得德国的高速公路真的超像马来西亚的高速公路多过新加坡的。路上有很多灰尘 (不过没有垃圾),路旁有很多随意生长的花花草草。花园城市新加坡可不是浪得虚名,政府很用心的裁减路旁的花草树木,让他们变的美观。不过,这也同时显得虚假,因为要是植物有得选择,它们一定不会按照政府为他们选好的路(形状)生长。在德国,植物任意的生长,少了那份虚假,多了一份随性。虽然有点凌乱,但那是植物它们自己作出的选择。


关于德国道路的随性不止这点。我在路上一直看到许多涂鸦,这个是在新加坡不可能找到的。不过,我认为这些涂鸦并无伤大雅,反而为沉闷,灰色的公路添上有趣的色彩。当然,我是在看不懂当地人到底在涂鸦什么的前提下作出这种结论。要是涂鸦上的文字不礼貌,冒犯他人,我可能有不会这么想了。惊人的是,这些涂鸦客竟然能够爬上告示牌的背后涂鸦。


我觉得德国是一个很纯朴的国家。它的人民好像甘愿过一个平凡的生活,不去计较钱财还是成就。它的建筑物就体现了这一点。它们通常很矮,最多也只有三层楼高,而且从建筑的风格来看,应该有挺长的一段历史了。若这些房子都建在新加坡,我很肯定以下一定会发生:

发展商/政府看中房子所在的地皮,买了它用来发展成一栋栋摩天大楼。新加坡就是要保持自己的竞争力,才造成现在这种「没用就丢掉/拆掉」的心理。在这里,我的生活脚步的的确确慢下了许多。

我觉得这次去德国得到的,将不止是数理上的知识而已。最后补充一句:德国人的食量好大啊,每一餐都吃的饱饱的,饱到我的肚子快要爆炸了。矛盾的是,这边的食物太好吃了,停不下来。

2013年3月16日星期六

黑暗骑士

最近听了一首很热血的歌,读了一本很热血的书。

黑暗裡誰還不睡 黑色的心情和斗篷假面
黑夜的黑不是最黑 而在於貪婪找不到底線

到底是谁黑夜里还不睡?警察?清道夫?DJ?还是在熬夜的可怜学生?
黑这个颜色一直都给人们一个阴暗的印象,因为人们都害怕未知的东西。黑夜一来临,我们便失去了白天的光彩,看不清面前的人,事,物。眼前的这个人,白天可能是你的朋友,黑夜时又借着影的庇护变成恶魔。这段歌词好像在比喻互联网—每个人都藏在电脑后面,借着无名的庇护,带上一个斗蓬假面,写下不负责任的话。人性的黑暗,瞬间明了。

腳下是卑微的街 我孤獨站在城市天際線
別問我惡類或善類 我只是渴望飛的哺乳類

阿信的声音,跟JJ一样有磁性。他扮演黑暗骑士的角色,看着自己守护的城市,感慨自己身为英雄,在这个善良与恶魔的战争中却是孤军奋战。他渴望一个伙伴,一个依靠。下一句,他又变成了城市居民,宁愿相信蝙蝠侠(飞的哺乳类=蝙蝠)也不愿相信那些自称是好人的人。 这个社会假惺惺的人太多了,只剩下蝙蝠侠值得他们依靠。

善惡的分界 不是對立面
而是每個人 那最後純潔的防線 都逃不過考驗

JJ 和阿信分别唱出前一句和后一句,两个人想是在对谈。如果自己的良心经得起考验,就是善,而那些经不起诱惑的就是恶。真的是这样吗?善和恶一定要是对立的吗?我认为一个再善良的人,也会有一点点的恶念,相反亦是如此。

#有沒有一種考驗 有沒有一次淬鍊
拯救了世界就像 英雄 電影 情節
有沒有一種信念 有沒有一句誓言
呼喚黎明的出現 yeah yeah

"英雄,电影,情节"
这六个字就是这首歌的中心。谁是人民心中的英雄?这个人人只为自己的社会中,有谁愿意挺身而出当英雄,拯救世界?又有谁可以顶得住不断的淬练?人生里,最后的结局,中间出现的情节,是不是我们所能控制的?人们还愿不愿意相信人性的善良,继续怀抱信念,坚持追求梦想?

然而,虽然每个人都清楚知道要做什么,却没有人有勇气做到。

為什麼抓光了賊 多年來更沒目擊過搶匪
而貧窮還是像潮水 淹沒了人們生存的尊嚴
文明最顛峰某天 人們和蝙蝠卻住回洞穴
那罪行再也看不見 都躲在法律和交易後面

现在的社会比起以前,更加安全,设施更加齐全,交通方便,医疗设备完善。似乎,我们的硬体明显的进步了,不过,我们的心里却退步了。人们变得忙碌而没有余力去关心不关己的事情,而变得冷漠,自私。现在住在城市的我们,认识几个邻居?以前我的父母说,他们乡村里的人很团结,每个人都认识每个人。现在呢?我们要上学,要工作,一整天都不在家,结果连跟邻居打招呼的空闲都没有了。就在科技发达时代,人们却都习惯窝在家里,宁愿对着虚拟的世界。

善惡的分界 不怕難分辨
只怕每個人 都關上雙耳和雙眼 都害怕去改變

如果你目睹一起车祸,你会停下脚步帮忙吗?还是会第一时间拿起手机,不是打电话叫救护车,而是把现场拍下,放上互联网?当你在地铁车厢看到有老婆婆站着,你起身让位,不是出于善意,而是因为你害怕如果你不让位,会有人把你的自私行为上载到互联网,让全世界知道?最后一句影响我满深的,因为我就是一个害怕改变的人。我喜欢我所熟悉的一切,我害怕未来的未知之数。

改变未必会带来进步,但是不改变,就一定不会有进步。

#有沒有一種改變 有沒有一次壯烈
結局的完美就像 英雄 電影 情節
有沒有一種信念 有沒有一句誓言
呼喚黎明的出現 yeah yeah

承接上一段,歌词稍微改了一下,不过大意还是一样。信念,誓言。信念是我们给予英雄的,而誓言是英雄许于我们的。

#越來越毒的雨水 越來越多的災變
越來越遠的從前 英雄 電影 情節
律師和小丑勾結 民代和財團簽約
善良和罪惡妥協 yeah yeah

越來越大的企業 越來越小的公園
越來越深的幻滅 英雄 電影 情節
面具下的人是誰 或是說不管是誰
都無法全身而退 yeah yeah

现实生活中的种种困难接踵而来,我们离开初衷越来越远了。“善良和罪恶妥协”—真的要搞到这个地步吗?我可不想。

當我們都走上街 當我們懷抱信念
當我們親身扮演 英雄 電影 情節
你就是一種信念 你就是一句誓言
世界正等你出現 yeah yeah

最后一段,也是这个故事应有的结局。这个城市,正在等着我们挺身而出。你,愿意吗?

写到最后才发现我把那本书忘得一干二净XD 下次再写吧。